Global Contract Packaging Service Market Research Report 2024

Report ID: 1867139 | Published Date: Jan 2025 | No. of Page: 86 | Base Year: 2024 | Rating: 3.7 | Webstory: Check our Web story
1 Report Overview
    1.1 Study Scope
    1.2 Market Analysis by Type
        1.2.1 Global Contract Packaging Service Market Size Growth Rate by Type: 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
        1.2.2 Packaging Design
        1.2.3 Packaging Testing
        1.2.4 Product Packaging
        1.2.5 Labeling Services
        1.2.6 Shipping Services
    1.3 Market by Application
        1.3.1 Global Contract Packaging Service Market Share by Application: 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
        1.3.2 Food & Beverage
        1.3.3 Pharmaceutical
        1.3.4 Cosmetic Industries
        1.3.5 Others
    1.4 Study Objectives
    1.5 Years Considered
2 Global Growth Trends
    2.1 Global Contract Packaging Service Market Perspective (2017-2028)
    2.2 Contract Packaging Service Growth Trends by Region
        2.2.1 Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Region: 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
        2.2.2 Contract Packaging Service Historic Market Size by Region (2017-2022)
        2.2.3 Contract Packaging Service Forecasted Market Size by Region (2023-2028)
    2.3 Contract Packaging Service Market Dynamics
        2.3.1 Contract Packaging Service Industry Trends
        2.3.2 Contract Packaging Service Market Drivers
        2.3.3 Contract Packaging Service Market Challenges
        2.3.4 Contract Packaging Service Market Restraints
3 Competition Landscape by Key Players
    3.1 Global Top Contract Packaging Service Players by Revenue
        3.1.1 Global Top Contract Packaging Service Players by Revenue (2017-2022)
        3.1.2 Global Contract Packaging Service Revenue Market Share by Players (2017-2022)
    3.2 Global Contract Packaging Service Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
    3.3 Players Covered: Ranking by Contract Packaging Service Revenue
    3.4 Global Contract Packaging Service Market Concentration Ratio
        3.4.1 Global Contract Packaging Service Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
        3.4.2 Global Top 10 and Top 5 Companies by Contract Packaging Service Revenue in 2021
    3.5 Contract Packaging Service Key Players Head office and Area Served
    3.6 Key Players Contract Packaging Service Product Solution and Service
    3.7 Date of Enter into Contract Packaging Service Market
    3.8 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
4 Contract Packaging Service Breakdown Data by Type
    4.1 Global Contract Packaging Service Historic Market Size by Type (2017-2022)
    4.2 Global Contract Packaging Service Forecasted Market Size by Type (2023-2028)
5 Contract Packaging Service Breakdown Data by Application
    5.1 Global Contract Packaging Service Historic Market Size by Application (2017-2022)
    5.2 Global Contract Packaging Service Forecasted Market Size by Application (2023-2028)
6 North America
    6.1 North America Contract Packaging Service Market Size (2017-2028)
    6.2 North America Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Country (2017-2022)
    6.3 North America Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Country (2023-2028)
    6.4 United States
    6.5 Canada
7 Europe
    7.1 Europe Contract Packaging Service Market Size (2017-2028)
    7.2 Europe Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Country (2017-2022)
    7.3 Europe Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Country (2023-2028)
    7.4 Germany
    7.5 France
    7.6 U.K.
    7.7 Italy
    7.8 Russia
    7.9 Nordic Countries
8 Asia-Pacific
    8.1 Asia-Pacific Contract Packaging Service Market Size (2017-2028)
    8.2 Asia-Pacific Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Country (2017-2022)
    8.3 Asia-Pacific Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Country (2023-2028)
    8.4 China
    8.5 Japan
    8.6 South Korea
    8.7 Southeast Asia
    8.8 India
    8.9 Australia
9 Latin America
    9.1 Latin America Contract Packaging Service Market Size (2017-2028)
    9.2 Latin America Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Country (2017-2022)
    9.3 Latin America Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Country (2023-2028)
    9.4 Mexico
    9.5 Brazil
10 Middle East & Africa
    10.1 Middle East & Africa Contract Packaging Service Market Size (2017-2028)
    10.2 Middle East & Africa Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Country (2017-2022)
    10.3 Middle East & Africa Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Country (2023-2028)
    10.4 Turkey
    10.5 Saudi Arabia
    10.6 UAE
11 Key Players Profiles
    11.1 Assemblies Unlimited
        11.1.1 Assemblies Unlimited Company Detail
        11.1.2 Assemblies Unlimited Business Overview
        11.1.3 Assemblies Unlimited Contract Packaging Service Introduction
        11.1.4 Assemblies Unlimited Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
        11.1.5 Assemblies Unlimited Recent Development
    11.2 PAC Contract Services
        11.2.1 PAC Contract Services Company Detail
        11.2.2 PAC Contract Services Business Overview
        11.2.3 PAC Contract Services Contract Packaging Service Introduction
        11.2.4 PAC Contract Services Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
        11.2.5 PAC Contract Services Recent Development
    11.3 Co-Pak Packaging Corporation
        11.3.1 Co-Pak Packaging Corporation Company Detail
        11.3.2 Co-Pak Packaging Corporation Business Overview
        11.3.3 Co-Pak Packaging Corporation Contract Packaging Service Introduction
        11.3.4 Co-Pak Packaging Corporation Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
        11.3.5 Co-Pak Packaging Corporation Recent Development
    11.4 Sterling CPI
        11.4.1 Sterling CPI Company Detail
        11.4.2 Sterling CPI Business Overview
        11.4.3 Sterling CPI Contract Packaging Service Introduction
        11.4.4 Sterling CPI Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
        11.4.5 Sterling CPI Recent Development
    11.5 CCL Industries
        11.5.1 CCL Industries Company Detail
        11.5.2 CCL Industries Business Overview
        11.5.3 CCL Industries Contract Packaging Service Introduction
        11.5.4 CCL Industries Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
        11.5.5 CCL Industries Recent Development
    11.6 Sharp Packaging Services
        11.6.1 Sharp Packaging Services Company Detail
        11.6.2 Sharp Packaging Services Business Overview
        11.6.3 Sharp Packaging Services Contract Packaging Service Introduction
        11.6.4 Sharp Packaging Services Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
        11.6.5 Sharp Packaging Services Recent Development
    11.7 Berlin Packaging
        11.7.1 Berlin Packaging Company Detail
        11.7.2 Berlin Packaging Business Overview
        11.7.3 Berlin Packaging Contract Packaging Service Introduction
        11.7.4 Berlin Packaging Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
        11.7.5 Berlin Packaging Recent Development
    11.8 TricorBraun
        11.8.1 TricorBraun Company Detail
        11.8.2 TricorBraun Business Overview
        11.8.3 TricorBraun Contract Packaging Service Introduction
        11.8.4 TricorBraun Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
        11.8.5 TricorBraun Recent Development
    11.9 Jones Packaging
        11.9.1 Jones Packaging Company Detail
        11.9.2 Jones Packaging Business Overview
        11.9.3 Jones Packaging Contract Packaging Service Introduction
        11.9.4 Jones Packaging Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
        11.9.5 Jones Packaging Recent Development
    11.10 Unicep Packaging
        11.10.1 Unicep Packaging Company Detail
        11.10.2 Unicep Packaging Business Overview
        11.10.3 Unicep Packaging Contract Packaging Service Introduction
        11.10.4 Unicep Packaging Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
        11.10.5 Unicep Packaging Recent Development
    11.11 Ropack Pharma Solutions
        11.11.1 Ropack Pharma Solutions Company Detail
        11.11.2 Ropack Pharma Solutions Business Overview
        11.11.3 Ropack Pharma Solutions Contract Packaging Service Introduction
        11.11.4 Ropack Pharma Solutions Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
        11.11.5 Ropack Pharma Solutions Recent Development
    11.12 Reed-Lane
        11.12.1 Reed-Lane Company Detail
        11.12.2 Reed-Lane Business Overview
        11.12.3 Reed-Lane Contract Packaging Service Introduction
        11.12.4 Reed-Lane Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
        11.12.5 Reed-Lane Recent Development
    11.13 Precision Medical Products
        11.13.1 Precision Medical Products Company Detail
        11.13.2 Precision Medical Products Business Overview
        11.13.3 Precision Medical Products Contract Packaging Service Introduction
        11.13.4 Precision Medical Products Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
        11.13.5 Precision Medical Products Recent Development
12 Analyst's Viewpoints/Conclusions
13 Appendix
    13.1 Research Methodology
        13.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
        13.1.2 Data Source
    13.2 Disclaimer
    13.3 Author Details
List of Tables
    Table 1. Global Contract Packaging Service Market Size Growth Rate by Type (US$ Million): 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
    Table 2. Key Players of Packaging Design
    Table 3. Key Players of Packaging Testing
    Table 4. Key Players of Product Packaging
    Table 5. Key Players of Labeling Services
    Table 6. Key Players of Shipping Services
    Table 7. Global Contract Packaging Service Market Size Growth by Application (US$ Million): 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
    Table 8. Global Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Region (US$ Million): 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
    Table 9. Global Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Region (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 10. Global Contract Packaging Service Market Share by Region (2017-2022)
    Table 11. Global Contract Packaging Service Forecasted Market Size by Region (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Table 12. Global Contract Packaging Service Market Share by Region (2023-2028)
    Table 13. Contract Packaging Service Market Trends
    Table 14. Contract Packaging Service Market Drivers
    Table 15. Contract Packaging Service Market Challenges
    Table 16. Contract Packaging Service Market Restraints
    Table 17. Global Contract Packaging Service Revenue by Players (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 18. Global Contract Packaging Service Market Share by Players (2017-2022)
    Table 19. Global Top Contract Packaging Service Players by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Contract Packaging Service as of 2021)
    Table 20. Ranking of Global Top Contract Packaging Service Companies by Revenue (US$ Million) in 2021
    Table 21. Global 5 Largest Players Market Share by Contract Packaging Service Revenue (CR5 and HHI) & (2017-2022)
    Table 22. Key Players Headquarters and Area Served
    Table 23. Key Players Contract Packaging Service Product Solution and Service
    Table 24. Date of Enter into Contract Packaging Service Market
    Table 25. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
    Table 26. Global Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Type (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 27. Global Contract Packaging Service Revenue Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
    Table 28. Global Contract Packaging Service Forecasted Market Size by Type (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Table 29. Global Contract Packaging Service Revenue Market Share by Type (2023-2028)
    Table 30. Global Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Application (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 31. Global Contract Packaging Service Revenue Market Share by Application (2017-2022)
    Table 32. Global Contract Packaging Service Forecasted Market Size by Application (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Table 33. Global Contract Packaging Service Revenue Market Share by Application (2023-2028)
    Table 34. North America Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Country (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 35. North America Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Country (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Table 36. Europe Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Country (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 37. Europe Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Country (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Table 38. Asia-Pacific Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Region (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 39. Asia-Pacific Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Region (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Table 40. Latin America Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Country (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 41. Latin America Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Country (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Table 42. Middle East & Africa Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Country (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 43. Middle East & Africa Contract Packaging Service Market Size by Country (2023-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Table 44. Assemblies Unlimited Company Detail
    Table 45. Assemblies Unlimited Business Overview
    Table 46. Assemblies Unlimited Contract Packaging Service Product
    Table 47. Assemblies Unlimited Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 48. Assemblies Unlimited Recent Development
    Table 49. PAC Contract Services Company Detail
    Table 50. PAC Contract Services Business Overview
    Table 51. PAC Contract Services Contract Packaging Service Product
    Table 52. PAC Contract Services Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 53. PAC Contract Services Recent Development
    Table 54. Co-Pak Packaging Corporation Company Detail
    Table 55. Co-Pak Packaging Corporation Business Overview
    Table 56. Co-Pak Packaging Corporation Contract Packaging Service Product
    Table 57. Co-Pak Packaging Corporation Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 58. Co-Pak Packaging Corporation Recent Development
    Table 59. Sterling CPI Company Detail
    Table 60. Sterling CPI Business Overview
    Table 61. Sterling CPI Contract Packaging Service Product
    Table 62. Sterling CPI Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 63. Sterling CPI Recent Development
    Table 64. CCL Industries Company Detail
    Table 65. CCL Industries Business Overview
    Table 66. CCL Industries Contract Packaging Service Product
    Table 67. CCL Industries Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 68. CCL Industries Recent Development
    Table 69. Sharp Packaging Services Company Detail
    Table 70. Sharp Packaging Services Business Overview
    Table 71. Sharp Packaging Services Contract Packaging Service Product
    Table 72. Sharp Packaging Services Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 73. Sharp Packaging Services Recent Development
    Table 74. Berlin Packaging Company Detail
    Table 75. Berlin Packaging Business Overview
    Table 76. Berlin Packaging Contract Packaging Service Product
    Table 77. Berlin Packaging Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 78. Berlin Packaging Recent Development
    Table 79. TricorBraun Company Detail
    Table 80. TricorBraun Business Overview
    Table 81. TricorBraun Contract Packaging Service Product
    Table 82. TricorBraun Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 83. TricorBraun Recent Development
    Table 84. Jones Packaging Company Detail
    Table 85. Jones Packaging Business Overview
    Table 86. Jones Packaging Contract Packaging Service Product
    Table 87. Jones Packaging Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 88. Jones Packaging Recent Development
    Table 89. Unicep Packaging Company Detail
    Table 90. Unicep Packaging Business Overview
    Table 91. Unicep Packaging Contract Packaging Service Product
    Table 92. Unicep Packaging Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 93. Unicep Packaging Recent Development
    Table 94. Ropack Pharma Solutions Company Detail
    Table 95. Ropack Pharma Solutions Business Overview
    Table 96. Ropack Pharma Solutions Contract Packaging ServiceProduct
    Table 97. Ropack Pharma Solutions Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 98. Ropack Pharma Solutions Recent Development
    Table 99. Reed-Lane Company Detail
    Table 100. Reed-Lane Business Overview
    Table 101. Reed-Lane Contract Packaging ServiceProduct
    Table 102. Reed-Lane Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 103. Reed-Lane Recent Development
    Table 104. Precision Medical Products Company Detail
    Table 105. Precision Medical Products Business Overview
    Table 106. Precision Medical Products Contract Packaging ServiceProduct
    Table 107. Precision Medical Products Revenue in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022) & (US$ Million)
    Table 108. Precision Medical Products Recent Development
    Table 109. Research Programs/Design for This Report
    Table 110. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
    Table 111. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
    Figure 1. Global Contract Packaging Service Market Share by Type: 2021 VS 2028
    Figure 2. Packaging Design Features
    Figure 3. Packaging Testing Features
    Figure 4. Product Packaging Features
    Figure 5. Labeling Services Features
    Figure 6. Shipping Services Features
    Figure 7. Global Contract Packaging Service Market Share by Application in 2021 & 2028
    Figure 8. Food & Beverage Case Studies
    Figure 9. Pharmaceutical Case Studies
    Figure 10. Cosmetic Industries Case Studies
    Figure 11. Others Case Studies
    Figure 12. Contract Packaging Service Report Years Considered
    Figure 13. Global Contract Packaging Service Market Size (US$ Million), Year-over-Year: 2017-2028
    Figure 14. Global Contract Packaging Service Market Size, (US$ Million), 2017 VS 2021 VS 2028
    Figure 15. Global Contract Packaging Service Market Share by Region: 2021 VS 2028
    Figure 16. Global Contract Packaging Service Market Share by Players in 2021
    Figure 17. Global Top Contract Packaging Service Players by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Contract Packaging Service as of 2021)
    Figure 18. The Top 10 and 5 Players Market Share by Contract Packaging Service Revenue in 2021
    Figure 19. North America Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 20. North America Contract Packaging Service Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
    Figure 21. United States Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 22. Canada Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 23. Europe Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 24. Europe Contract Packaging Service Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
    Figure 25. Germany Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 26. France Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 27. U.K. Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 28. Italy Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 29. Russia Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 30. Nordic Countries Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 31. Asia-Pacific Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 32. Asia-Pacific Contract Packaging Service Market Share by Region (2017-2028)
    Figure 33. China Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 34. Japan Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 35. South Korea Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 36. Southeast Asia Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 37. India Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 38. Australia Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 39. Latin America Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 40. Latin America Contract Packaging Service Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
    Figure 41. Mexico Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 42. Brazil Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 43. Middle East & Africa Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 44. Middle East & Africa Contract Packaging Service Market Share by Country (2017-2028)
    Figure 45. Turkey Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 46. Saudi Arabia Contract Packaging Service Market Size YoY Growth (2017-2028) & (US$ Million)
    Figure 47. Assemblies Unlimited Revenue Growth Rate in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
    Figure 48. PAC Contract Services Revenue Growth Rate in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
    Figure 49. Co-Pak Packaging Corporation Revenue Growth Rate in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
    Figure 50. Sterling CPI Revenue Growth Rate in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
    Figure 51. CCL Industries Revenue Growth Rate in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
    Figure 52. Sharp Packaging Services Revenue Growth Rate in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
    Figure 53. Berlin Packaging Revenue Growth Rate in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
    Figure 54. TricorBraun Revenue Growth Rate in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
    Figure 55. Jones Packaging Revenue Growth Rate in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
    Figure 56. Unicep Packaging Revenue Growth Rate in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
    Figure 57. Ropack Pharma Solutions Revenue Growth Rate in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
    Figure 58. Reed-Lane Revenue Growth Rate in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
    Figure 59. Precision Medical Products Revenue Growth Rate in Contract Packaging Service Business (2017-2022)
    Figure 60. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
    Figure 61. Data Triangulation
    Figure 62. Key Executives Interviewed
Please ask for List of Figures. Request Sample Report
Companies Included in Reports:
Assemblies Unlimited
PAC Contract Services
Co-Pak Packaging Corporation
Sterling CPI
CCL Industries
Sharp Packaging Services
Berlin Packaging
TricorBraun
Jones Packaging
Unicep Packaging
Ropack Pharma Solutions
Reed-Lane
Precision Medical Products
Frequently Asked Questions
Contract Packaging Service report offers great insights of the market and consumer data and their interpretation through various figures and graphs. Report has embedded global market and regional market deep analysis through various research methodologies. The report also offers great competitor analysis of the industries and highlights the key aspect of their business like success stories, market development and growth rate.
Contract Packaging Service report is categorised based on following features:
  1. Global Market Players
  2. Geopolitical regions
  3. Consumer Insights
  4. Technological advancement
  5. Historic and Future Analysis of the Market
Contract Packaging Service report is designed on the six basic aspects of analysing the market, which covers the SWOT and SWAR analysis like strength, weakness, opportunity, threat, aspirations and results. This methodology helps investors to reach on to the desired and correct decision to put their capital into the market.

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